Yesterday was very interesting because all the females during dinner had red mugs, and the father of the house was the only one with a blue mug. Gender restrictions go as far as inanimate objects which I was quite interesting. However, in my family due to the lack of male presence my grandma and mother took the initiative to be that dominant presence in the house.
Ecuadorean people self-identify as 65% mestizo, 13% of indigenous origin, 7.2% as afro-descendant, 7.4% as Montubios and 19% as white.
Most of Ecuadorian women are housewives that dedicate their whole life to the wellness of their husbands and kids. Nine nationalities and three indigenous peoples are formally recognized in the country. The international binding instruments ratified by the Ecuadorean State, such as:Promotion of women’s leadership and political participation is essential to strengthen democracy and governance, and therefore have more just and egalitarian societies.Evidence shows how women’s presence in leadership roles has brought benefits to society, like legislation against domestic violence, women’s right to health, labor rights as well as maternity and paternity rights, among others.The world has certainly made significant progress regarding women’s political representation and leadership; however, there are still challenges that must be addressed, such as:It becomes necessary to change the conditions under which women participate in the political life and decision making, simply because women make up half of the whole humanity.The limited or insignificant presence of women in decision-making spaces linked to economic policies and the biased vision of markets as the only economical setting and source of wealth, have triggered that the economic organization responds to functional logics with a system that has relegated women and has subjected them to subordination and dependency within the labor market, while they achieve a key upkeep role in other non-mercantile settings, particularly caring for others.In Ecuador, despite belonging to the group of middle-income countries, there are gender gaps that still remain:Violence against women has immediate and long term effects in life and influences the wellbeing and development of families, communities and countries.
Please try again!However, in Ecuador most women drop out of school as early as 13 preventing them from being able to pursue a full education, and through this the women end up cooking and cleaning in the household whilst the men provide money for the family.
It is one of the main obstacles for the empowerment, thriving and exercise of women rights; as well as an extreme form of inequality between women and men and gender discrimination.Acknowledging that important steps have been taken to stop women and girls violence, the main challenges in Ecuador are:According to the National Survey on Family Interactions and Violence Against Women, from 2012:UNWOMEN’s strategy and program is based under the framework of the Secretary General, BAN Ki-moon, “Unite to End Violence against Women”.UNWOMEN works at country and local levels integrating the objectives of the “UNITE” Campaign with national policies and the legal framework, to eliminate violence against women and promote the right to live a life free of violence.Regarding the establishment and implementation of national legislation to address and punish all forms of violence against women and girls, and the adoption and implementation of multi-sectoral action plans; UNWOMEN supports the justice system and the national instances that implement the National Plan for the Elimination of Violence, which seeks to:Together with civil society, UNWOMEN fosters the launch of country and local campaigns, and the social mobilization for the prevention of violence and the promotion of a life free of violence.To achieve equality between women and men, the empowerment of women and the attention and restitution of women and girls -victims of any form of violence-, requires specific structures, services, plans, programs and projects. It can manifest in physical violence but also in attitude and psychological aggressions.
Although Ecuador is a really beautiful country and I am proud to be an Ecuadorian, Ecuador is very behind in Women’s Rights. According to the Human Development Index generated by UNDP, gender inequality is a key element; ranking 89 out of a group of 186 countries in 2012, with a coefficient of 0.442.Ecuador has a solid legal framework that enforces the validity, application and claiming of women’s rights; supported by two main pillars:The Ecuadorean Constitution, which specifically addresses gender equality under its chapters 1 and 2; and In Ecuador, women receive a lower income than men1which is evidenced in a lower income contribution to their household2. Ecuador is the country with second largest number of congresswomen in the region, reaching a total of 57 out of 137 Representatives.
I am so blessed to have exposure to this because I didn't really realise the role of gender until I started to compare experiences here, to the experiences back home.Something that I have notice whilst being here in Ecuador is the importance of defining gender. Ecuador is a country characterized by its inter-cultural makeup; it has a population of 14.5 million, 50.4% of them women and 49.6% men. Even notebooks here have a gender!The societal norm is for women to stay home, cook, and be that emotional support for children.
In Ecuador, 53% of women experience this psychological abuse from men, 33% experience physical abuse from men, and 22% experience sexual abuse.
For my Auntie Eva she has more of a dominant role in the house even though she is the only female present in that immediate household. This is shown through my mother not liking to cook, and being the only provider to ensure my brother and I have the best path possible.
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